| CASE REPORT |
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| Year : 2021 | Volume
: 13
| Issue : 3 | Page : 142-144 |
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Varicella infection in an immunized pediatric living donor liver-transplant recipient
Vibha Mehta1, Krithiga Ramachandran1, Reshu Agarwal1, Seema Alam2, Viniyendra Pamecha3, Ekta Gupta1
1 Department of Clinical Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
2 Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
3 Department of Transplant Surgery, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Ekta Gupta
Department of Clinical Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D-1, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_233_20
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Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a DNA virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Primary infection causes chickenpox followed by latency in the sensory ganglia, which can sometimes reactivate leading to herpes zoster. Chicken pox is generally a mild disease of childhood with a secondary attack rate of >85%, but disseminated VZV infection with visceral involvement and fatal outcome may occur in immunocompromised individuals. Indian Academy of Pediatrics recommends two doses of live-attenuated varicella vaccine in healthy unexposed children at 15–18 months and then at 4–6 years of age. The effectiveness of a single dose of vaccine is around 85% and with a two-dose schedule is as high as 92%. Despite the vaccine-induced protection, community-acquired VZV infections still remain a problem in immunocompromised population. We hereby report a case of a previously immunized pediatric liver-transplant recipient who acquired VZV infection. This case report clearly highlights the importance of strict environmental infection control practices, early suspicion, diagnosis, and management in such cases.
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